It might come as a surprise, but both fishing and water skiing have similar rates of recreational boating accidents. However, the risk of a fatal boating accident for anglers is significantly higher compared to water skiers, with statistics indicating a staggering 39 percent versus 4 percent fatality rate, based on 2009 U.S. Coast Guard recreational accident data, the most recent available.
What factors contribute to this stark difference? Let's break it down: When water skiing, there are typically three individuals involved—the boat operator, a lookout, and the skier. Being in open water means that assistance for a downed skier is often close at hand, whether from nearby boaters or individuals on or near the shore. Additionally, water skiing is predominantly a warm-weather activity, increasing the likelihood of other boaters being present to lend aid if necessary. Crucially, skiers are usually equipped with life jackets or inflatable life belts, further enhancing safety measures.
In contrast, anglers often find themselves alone in secluded coves or miles offshore, particularly during off-peak seasons when vacationers and pleasure boaters are scarce. Sadly, many anglers neglect to wear life jackets, compounding the risks. The combination of solitude and lack of proper safety gear can prove fatal in the event of a boat capsizing or an angler falling overboard.
To mitigate such risks, it's imperative for anglers to prioritize boating safety. This involves undergoing a boating safety course approved by the National Association of State Boating Law Administrators and recognized by the U.S. Coast Guard. These courses, offered through various channels such as the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary, United States Power Squadrons®, state boating agencies, and local boating clubs, are often accessible online, via CD-ROM, or in traditional classroom settings. By participating in these affordable or even free courses, anglers can swiftly familiarize themselves with emergency procedures and essential safety equipment, including the mandatory use of U.S. Coast Guard-approved life jackets for all individuals onboard.
Understanding Your Boat's Limitations: Essential Safety Knowledge
Safe boating goes beyond just having the right equipment and following procedures; it's about understanding your boat's capabilities and the environment you're navigating in.
The types of small boats commonly used by anglers, such as semi v-hull vessels, flat-bottom jon boats, and canoes, demand careful handling. Compared to larger vessels, smaller boats are more prone to capsizing.
In these compact, open-construction boats, the ratio of wave size to boat size is much smaller, meaning they can quickly fill with water when hit by even a small wave. Additionally, these boats typically have wide-open transoms and helm stations, along with fewer bilge pumps or none at all. Furthermore, their decks are not waterproof, and water ingress can lead to damage, potentially leaving anglers stranded.
Even when empty, these boats often have minimal freeboard—the distance between the boat's top edge and the waterline—and this decreases further when fully loaded with occupants, coolers, and gear. It's easy to unintentionally overload small vessels, increasing the risk of capsizing, especially in calm waters.
It's crucial to know your boat's maximum load capacity to ensure safe operation. For boats up to 20 feet in length, this information is typically displayed on a capacity plate affixed to the hull by the manufacturer. This plate specifies the maximum horsepower rating and the maximum load weight the boat can handle safely. If there's no capacity plate, a simple formula can help determine the maximum load: multiply the boat's length by its width and divide the result by 15. For instance, a 6-foot-wide, 16-foot boat can accommodate up to 6 people.
To minimize the risk of capsizing, it's essential to distribute the load evenly to maintain the boat's balance. When boarding, take care to step gently toward the center of the vessel, avoiding the gunnels or seats. Standing in small boats, even for minor adjustments in seating positions, can raise the center of gravity, making the boat less stable. Sitting on the gunwales, seat backs, or pedestal seats while underway has a similar effect. A higher center of gravity increases the likelihood of someone falling overboard in response to waves, wakes, or sudden turns.
For added safety, consider investing in a boarding ladder. While not mandatory, these ladders are beneficial on various boats and can significantly assist in quickly retrieving a person from the water back onto the boat.
Executing a Comprehensive Pre-Departure Checklist
One significant factor contributing to fishing-related accidents is the tendency for many fishing enthusiasts to prioritize their angling skills over basic boating safety measures. This mindset can lead to complacency, where individuals may overlook essential safety precautions. Anglers may become distracted, fail to anticipate emergencies, or engage in risky behaviors, such as drinking while boating. Surprisingly, fishing activities preceded 37 percent of all fatal recreational boating accidents in 2009.
To prioritize safety, adopt the mindset of being a boater first. Conduct a thorough pre-departure check to confirm that your boat is in optimal condition and equipped with all necessary safety gear. Before setting out, ensure that someone knows your boating plans by filing a float plan with the marina or informing a friend or family member. Additionally, always wear a life jacket while on the water, regardless of your swimming abilities. Stay informed about weather forecasts and waterway conditions, as weather conditions can change rapidly.
It's essential for anglers to recognize that boating safety is integral to their sport, not just an afterthought. While safe boating practices may not directly impact your fishing success, they significantly increase the likelihood of enjoying many more fishing trips in the future.
Essential On-Board Equipment for Fishing Adventures
Life jackets have evolved to cater specifically to fishing enthusiasts, offering options such as vests and auto-inflatables that provide unrestricted movement. In addition to ensuring that each person onboard has a life jacket, anglers should also consider carrying other essential items based on the size of their boat.
A throwable Type IV flotation device equipped with a line is crucial for emergency situations. A well-stocked First Aid kit should always be readily accessible. It's wise to have a blanket and a spare set of dry clothes stored in a waterproof bag to combat unexpected weather or accidents.
Investing in a VHF marine radio enables communication with other vessels and emergency services if needed. Equally important is a U.S. Coast Guard-approved marine fire extinguisher to handle any onboard fires. Visual distress signals approved by the Coast Guard should be available to signal for help in case of emergencies.
Consider installing a boarding ladder to facilitate easy re-entry into the boat for anyone who falls overboard. Keep a chart of the local area onboard to navigate unfamiliar waters safely. Before venturing into new fishing grounds, conduct thorough research on the area, including water and weather conditions, as well as expected boat traffic. Lastly, always maintain a safe speed to prevent accidents and ensure the safety of everyone onboard.
Tips for Keeping Your Boat Steady
Loading passengers and gear onto small boats requires careful consideration to ensure safety on the water. Here are some essential tips for anglers preparing for a fishing excursion:
- Avoid standing in a small boat and minimize changing positions to maintain stability and prevent the risk of capsizing or passengers falling overboard.
- When seated, maintain stability by keeping your legs spread and leaning against a seat for support.
- During loading, hand fishing equipment to someone already in the boat to prevent imbalance and maintain stability.
- Distribute gear and passengers evenly around the boat, considering weight distribution to prevent tripping hazards and ensure stability.
- When boarding, step gently toward the center of the vessel and avoid stepping onto the gunnels or seats to prevent destabilizing the boat. Maintain a firm grip on the boat for support.
- Avoid consuming alcohol or drugs, including over-the-counter medications that may induce drowsiness or impair judgment, to ensure alertness and safety on the water.
- Always file a float plan with the marina or a trusted friend or family member before departure to provide details of your boating itinerary and expected return time.
- Prioritize safety by ensuring that you and all passengers wear a life jacket at all times while on the water. Consider investing in inflatable vests specifically designed for anglers for added comfort and mobility.
By following these guidelines, anglers can enjoy a safe and enjoyable fishing experience while out on the water.
The U.S. Coast Guard emphasizes the importance of boater responsibility to prevent fatalities, injuries, and property damage associated with recreational boating accidents. Boat owners and operators play a crucial role in ensuring safety by adhering to essential guidelines:
- Wear a life jacket at all times and ensure that passengers do the same to minimize the risk of drowning in the event of an accident.
- Never operate a boat under the influence of alcohol or drugs (BUI) to maintain alertness and judgment while on the water.
- Successfully complete a boating safety course to acquire essential knowledge and skills for safe boating practices.
- Obtain a Vessel Safety Check (VSC) annually from local U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary, United States Power Squadrons®, or state boating agency's Vessel Examiners to ensure compliance with safety standards and regulations.
By taking these proactive measures, boaters can contribute to reducing accidents and promoting safety on the waterways. The U.S. Coast Guard urges all boaters to prioritize safety and "Boat Responsibly!"
